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Huawei H12-831_V1.0-ENU (HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0) exam is a professional-level certification designed for IT professionals who want to validate their knowledge and skills in advanced routing and switching technologies. HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 certification is aimed at network engineers, administrators, and designers who work with complex enterprise networks and want to advance their careers in the field of networking.
Huawei H12-831_V1.0 certification exam covers a wide range of topics related to advanced routing and switching technology. It includes a thorough understanding of network architecture, routing protocols, MPLS VPN, BGP, multicast, and QoS. In addition, candidates will also be tested on their ability to configure, troubleshoot, and maintain complex network infrastructures using Huawei devices.
NEW QUESTION # 11
A network device has established an OSPF neighbor relationship with another device. The figure shows the configuration of GE0/0/0 on the network device.
Which of the following commands would NOT affect the OSPF neighbor status of the interface?
- A. undo description
- B. undo ospf dr-priority
- C. undo ip address 10.0.12.2 24
- D. undo ospf cost
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
To determine the correct answer, we need to analyze how each command impacts OSPF neighbor relationships.
1. Understanding OSPF Neighbor Formation
OSPF routers form neighbor relationships when they meet the following conditions:
* They are in the same subnet (IP addresses and subnet masks must match).
* They are in the same OSPF area.
* They use the same network type (e.g., Broadcast, Point-to-Point).
* Authentication (if configured) must match.
* Hello and Dead timers must match.
2. Analyzing Each Answer Option
# A. "undo ip address 10.0.12.2 24" # Affects OSPF Neighbor Status
* Removing the IP address will prevent the interface from sending and receiving OSPF Hello packets.
* Without an IP address, OSPF cannot establish neighbor relationships.
* Effect: Breaks OSPF neighbor status.
# B. "undo description" # Does NOT Affect OSPF Neighbor Status
* The interface description is just a label for administrators and has no impact on OSPF functionality.
* It does not affect neighbor relationships, routing, or communication.
* Effect: No impact on OSPF neighbors.
# C. "undo ospf cost" # Affects OSPF Neighbor Status Indirectly
* OSPF cost determines the path selection but does NOT break the neighbor relationship.
* However, if the cost change leads to routing table recalculations, it might cause temporary convergence issues.
* Effect: Does not directly break neighbor status, but affects route selection.
# D. "undo ospf dr-priority" # Affects OSPF Neighbor Status (Possibly Causes DR Re-Election)
* OSPF DR/BDR election uses priority values.
* If changed, a new election might occur, leading to a temporary loss of neighbor relationships.
* Effect: Might cause OSPF neighbor reset (temporary impact on adjacency).
NEW QUESTION # 12
What is the value of the linkage between OSPF and BFD?
- A. OSPFofhelloThe sending interval is in seconds, more thanBFDInduction link status is fast
- B. BFDThe message sending interval can reach the millisecond level, which is less thanOSPFInduction link status is slow
- C. Detected at the millisecond levelBFD. associationOSPFstate, fulfilledOSPFThe purpose of quickly sensing the status of the tank
- D. BFDAny change in state will not affectOSPFneighbor state
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 13
When troubleshooting the EBGP neighbor relationship, you find that the two directly connected devices use the loopback interface to establish a connection, so execute display current-configuration configuration bgp to check the unitary setting of peer ebgp-max-hop hop-count, which of the following statements is correct?
- A. hop-countmust be greater than1
- B. hop-countmust be greater than15
- C. hop-countmust be greater than255
- D. hop-countmust be greater than2
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 14
An engineer uses two routers to test IPv6 services, and runs 0SPFv3 to implement IPv6 network interconnection. R1 is required to be able to access the loopback interface address of R2. The engineer checked the OSPFv3 routing table entry of R1, as shown in the figure, and found that there was no route to the loopback interface address of R2. Which of the following reasons could not be the cause?
- A. R2 advertises the loopback interface into different OSPFv3 processes
- B. R2 does not have 0SPFv3 enabled on the loopback interface
- C. R2 is not configured with the Router ID used in the OSPFv3 process
- D. R2 does not use network to advertise loopback address in area 0
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 15
In the test phase of cutover, which standards that can indicate the test has been completed?
- A. Check that the network is running normally as a standard
- B. The upper-layer application service test carried by the network is normal as the standard
- C. The configuration check result of the IP device is normal as the standard
- D. Test network business as normal as the standard
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 16
As shown below:
IR2] ad 2000
[R2-ad-basic-2000]rule deny
[R2-ad-basic-2000]quit
#
[R2] ospf
[R2-ospf»1]area 1
[R2-ospM-area-0.0.0.1] filter 2000 import
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0,1] quit
[R2-ospf-1] default-route-advertise always
- A. ArealcontainsType5 LSAflood
- B. Area2containsType5LSAflood
- C. Area2no insideType3 LSAflood
- D. Arealno insideType3 LSAflood
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 17
According to this picture, we can judge that R4 is on?
- A. 1 default route
- B. 2 equal-cost default routes
- C. 2 default routes with different costs
- D. 4 equivalent default routes
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 18
Which description is correct about the MPLS forwarding mechanism? (Multiple choice)
- A. The system automatically assigns an ID to the upper-layer application that uses the tunnel, also known as Tunnel ID
- B. When an IP packet enters the MRLS domain, the FIB table is the first to be checked
- C. If the Tunnel ID value is not 0x0, enter the normal IP forwarding process
- D. If the Tunnel ID value is 0x0, enter the MPLS forwarding process
Answer: A,B
NEW QUESTION # 19
On the IS-IS network shown in the figure, R1 imports a default route using the default-route-advertise always level-1 command. Which of the following statements are true?
- A. Although the default-route-advertise always level-1 command is configured on R1, R1 cannot import the default route.
- B. The default route exists in the routing table of R2.
- C. The default route does not exist in the routing table of R1.
- D. The default route exists in the routing table of R3.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding the IS-IS Levels and Default Route Advertisement:
* R1 is a Level-1 router
* R2 is a Level-1-2 router (meaning it connects both Level-1 and Level-2 areas)
* R3 is a Level-2-only router
Step 1: What Does "default-route-advertise always level-1" Do?
* This command forces R1 to advertise a default route (0.0.0.0/0) to all its Level-1 IS-IS neighbors, regardless of whether R1 has a default route in its routing table.
* Since R1 is a Level-1 router, it does not participate in Level-2 routing, meaning it relies on R2 (a Level-1-2 router) for external connectivity.
Step 2: Checking the Routing Tables
* R1: Since it is only a Level-1 router and does not receive a default route from any higher-level router, it does not have a default route in its own routing table. # (D is correct)
* R2: Since R1 advertises the default route at Level-1, R2 (a Level-1-2 router) receives this default route in its Level-1 database. # (B is correct)
* R3: R3 is a Level-2-only router, and default routes are not automatically leaked between Level-1 and Level-2 unless explicitly configured.
* Since no explicit route leaking configuration is mentioned, R3 will not have the default route
# (C is incorrect).
* A is incorrect because the command successfully advertises a default route from R1 to Level-1 neighbors like R2.
Final answer: # B, D
References:
* HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 - IS-IS Default Route Advertisement
* IS-IS Routing Level-1 and Level-2 Behavior
* IS-IS Route Leaking and Default Route Propagation
NEW QUESTION # 20
In PLSVPN, in order to distinguish IPv4 prefixes that use the same address space, the value of R0 is added to the IPv4 address. The correct description of the following options is:
- A. RD can be used to control the publication of 1 routing information
- B. RD is encapsulated in Update message as BGP extended community attribute during delivery
- C. On a PE device, each VP instance corresponds to a value of 0. On the same PE device, the RD value must be unique.____, ____, ____.
- D. After the PE receives the IPv4 route from the CE, it adds RD to the IPv4 route to convert it into a globally unique VPN-IPv4 route, and publishes it on the public network
Answer: B,C
NEW QUESTION # 21
On the OSPF network shown in the figure, the cost values of links are marked, and OSPF IP FRR is enabled on R1. Which of the following statements are true?
- A. If SI is powered off, R1 directly uses the backup path to forward packets to R3.
- B. If the link between R1 and SI is disconnected, R1 directly uses the backup path to forward packets to R3.
- C. If BFD (with default detection parameters) is enabled on the entire network and the link between R2 and SI is disconnected, R1 can quickly detect the OSPF adjacency fault.
- D. No backup path can be established between R1 and 10.0.3.3/32.
Answer: A,B,C
NEW QUESTION # 22
What is the value of OSPF and BFD linkage?
- A. Any change in the BFD status will not affect the OSPF neighbor status
- B. The sending interval of BFD packets can reach the millisecond level, which is slower than the OSPF inductive link state
- C. The hello sending interval of OSPF is at the second level, which is faster than BFD inductive link state
- D. Through the BFD detected at the millisecond level, the OSPF status is associated to achieve the purpose of OSPF quickly inductive link state
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 23
On an enterprise network shown in the figure, EBGP is deployed between CEs and PEs.
CE1 sends a VPN route to PE1.
Which of the following statements are false?
Options:
- A. If the command peer 10.1.3.1 substitute-as is run on PE2, CE3 accepts the route.
- B. To enable CE3 to receive the route, run the command peer 10.1.1.1 soo 200:1 on PE1.
- C. If the commands peer 10.1.1.1 soo 200:1 and peer 10.1.2.1 soo 200:1 are run on PE1, CE2 accepts the route.
- D. If no additional action is taken, CE3 discards the route.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
1. Understanding Site of Origin (SoO) in MPLS VPNs
* SoO (Site of Origin) is used in MPLS VPNs to prevent loops in multi-homed CE scenarios.
* Routes with the same SoO value are not advertised back to the same site.
2. Analysis of Each Answer Choice
A: "To enable CE3 to receive the route, run the command peer 10.1.1.1 soo 200:1 on PE1." (# False)
* SoO is used to prevent loops by tagging routes that belong to the same site.
* Applying SoO (200:1) on PE1 for CE1 means that any other PE (such as PE2) receiving the route will not advertise it back to the same site (CE1).
* This statement is false because applying SoO here does not directly enable CE3 to receive the route. Instead, CE3 must accept routes with SoO values properly configured.
B: "If the commands peer 10.1.1.1 soo 200:1 and peer 10.1.2.1 soo 200:1 are run on PE1, CE2 accepts the route." (# False)
* SoO ensures that a route received from one CE is not sent back to another CE in the same site.
* If SoO (200:1) is assigned to CE1 and CE2, routes will be blocked because they share the same SoO tag.
* Thus, CE2 will not accept the route, making this statement false.
C: "If the command peer 10.1.3.1 substitute-as is run on PE2, CE3 accepts the route." (# True)
* substitute-as allows a router to replace the received AS number in the AS_PATH with another AS number, ensuring that routes are accepted even when AS_PATH filtering is in place.
* This prevents CE3 from rejecting the route due to AS-Path loop prevention.
* # Thus, this statement is true.
D: "If no additional action is taken, CE3 discards the route." (# True)
* By default, CE3 will discard the route because of BGP loop prevention (same AS in the AS_PATH).
* To allow CE3 to receive the route, the allowas-in or substitute-as command must be configured on PE2.
* # Thus, this statement is true.
3. Evaluating the Answer Choices
Option
Correct?
Reasoning
A
# False
Applying SoO does not directly enable CE3 to receive the route.
B
# False
If both CE1 and CE2 have the same SoO value, CE2 will reject the route.
C
# True
Substitute-AS allows CE3 to accept the route by modifying the AS-Path.
D
# True
Without additional configuration, CE3 will discard the route due to AS-Path loop prevention.
# Correct answer: A and B are false.
Final Conclusion:
* SoO prevents routing loops in MPLS VPN multi-homing.
* CE2 will reject the route if it has the same SoO as CE1.
* CE3 requires the substitute-as or allowas-in command to accept the route.
* Thus, statements A and B are false.
NEW QUESTION # 24
As shown in the figure, all interfaces of the router enable OSPF. The ip address identified in the figure is the IP address of the device's Loopback 0 port. R1, R2, R3EJLoopbacD are advertised in area 1, and Loopbacfk D of R4 is advertised in area D, the Loopback D of R5 is advertised in area 2. Which of the following addresses can ping each other?
- A. 10.0.3.3 and 10.0.5.5
- B. 10.0.2.2 and 10.0.3.3
- C. 10.0.2.2 and 10.0.5.5
- D. 10.0.4.4 and 10.0.2.2
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 25
As shown in the figure, R1 to R4 are four routers in AS123. They all run OSPF to implement route reachability within the AS.
* Network segments 10.1.1.0/24 and 10.4.4.0/24 are not advertised into OSPF.
* R1 and R4 establish an IBGP peer relationship using Loopback0 and advertise network segments
10.1.1.0/24 and 10.4.4.0/24 into BGP.
Which of the following methods can be used to implement communication between PC1 and PC2?
Options:
- A. Deploy policy-based routing on R1 and specify R2 as the next hop for traffic from PC1 to PC2.
- B. On R1 and R4, import routes 10.1.1.0/24 and 10.4.4.0/24 into OSPF.
- C. Deploy MPLS and LDP on R1 to R4 and establish LSPs for routes 1.1.1.1/32 and 4.4.4.4/32.
- D. Run BGP on R2 and R3, and establish full-mesh IBGP connections in AS 123.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
1. Understanding the Routing Issue
* R1 and R4 are BGP routers and have an IBGP connection.
* R2 and R3 are OSPF-only routers (they do not run BGP).
* Networks 10.1.1.0/24 and 10.4.4.0/24 are advertised into BGP but not OSPF.
* PC1 (10.1.1.1) and PC2 (10.4.4.1) need communication, but their networks are not known to OSPF routers R2 and R3.
To fix this, we need a method that ensures R2 and R3 learn the routes for 10.1.1.0/24 and 10.4.4.0/24.
2. Evaluating Each Answer Option
* Option A: "Deploy policy-based routing on R1 and specify R2 as the next hop for traffic from PC1 to PC2."
* Incorrect.
* Policy-Based Routing (PBR) does not solve the issue of missing routes in OSPF.
* Even if R1 forwards traffic to R2, R2 does not know how to reach 10.4.4.0/24, causing packet drops.
* A proper routing protocol solution is required instead of PBR.
* Option B: "Deploy MPLS and LDP on R1 to R4 and establish LSPs for routes 1.1.1.1/32 and
4.4.4.4/32."
* Incorrect.
* MPLS requires label-switched paths (LSPs) but does not distribute routing information itself.
* The real problem is that R2 and R3 do not have routing entries for 10.1.1.0/24 and 10.4.4.0/24.
* MPLS does not fix the missing route advertisement issue.
* Option C: "Run BGP on R2 and R3, and establish full-mesh IBGP connections in AS 123."
* Correct.
* If R2 and R3 run BGP, they can form IBGP sessions with R1 and R4 and learn routes 10.1.1.0
/24 and 10.4.4.0/24 via BGP.
* R2 and R3 would then be able to forward traffic correctly between PC1 and PC2.
* This is a valid method to fix the issue.
* Option D: "On R1 and R4, import routes 10.1.1.0/24 and 10.4.4.0/24 into OSPF."
* Correct.
* By redistributing BGP routes into OSPF, R1 and R4 can ensure that R2 and R3 learn the missing networks (10.1.1.0/24 and 10.4.4.0/24) via OSPF.
* This allows full reachability without running BGP on R2 and R3.
* This is another valid method to fix the issue.
Final Answer:
# C and D are correct.
HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology References:
* BGP and OSPF Route Redistribution
* IBGP Full-Mesh Requirement and Route Propagation
* How Policy-Based Routing Works and Its Limitations
NEW QUESTION # 26
When configuring the DHCP Relay function on the device, the VLANIF interface of the relay connected to the client must be bound to the DHCP server group, and the bound DHCP server group must be configured with the proxy DHCP server IP address.
- A. FALSE
- B. TRUE
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 27
On the network shown in the figure, EBGP peer relationships are established between neighboring routers through directly connected interfaces.
* The router ID of each router is 10.0.X.X, and the AS number is 6500X, where X is the number of the router.
* Both R1 and R4 have static routes to 192.168.1.0/24, which are imported to BGP through the import-route command.
Which of the following statements are true?
- A. The path for traffic from R5 to 192.168.1.0/24 is R5 # R4.
- B. The path for traffic from R6 to 192.168.1.0/24 is R6 # R5 # R4.
- C. The path for traffic from R2 to 192.168.1.0/24 is R2 # R1.
- D. The path for traffic from R3 to 192.168.1.0/24 is R3 # R2 # R1.
Answer: A,B,C,D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding the BGP Network Topology in the Question:
* EBGP Peering
* Each router forms EBGP peer relationships with directly connected neighbors.
* This is a fully meshed topology, meaning each router exchanges BGP routes with its adjacent routers.
* Routing Information for 192.168.1.0/24
* R1 and R4 import the static route 192.168.1.0/24 into BGP.
* Since BGP prefers the shortest AS path, traffic to 192.168.1.0/24 will follow the shortest path to R1 or R4.
Route Analysis for Each Statement:
Statement A: R6 # R5 # R4 # (Correct)
* R6 does not have a direct route to 192.168.1.0/24, so it must rely on BGP advertisements from its EBGP neighbors.
* R5 learns the route to 192.168.1.0/24 from R4.
* Therefore, R6 forwards traffic to R5, and then R5 sends it to R4.
# Correct path: R6 # R5 # R4
Statement B: R5 # R4 # (Correct)
* R5 is directly connected to R4, and since R4 advertises the 192.168.1.0/24 route via BGP,
* R5 will forward traffic directly to R4 as the shortest AS path.
# Correct path: R5 # R4
Statement C: R2 # R1 # (Correct)
* R2 is directly connected to R1 and learns the 192.168.1.0/24 route from R1 via BGP.
* Since R1 advertises the static route, R2 forwards traffic directly to R1.
# Correct path: R2 # R1
Statement D: R3 # R2 # R1 # (Correct)
* R3 is directly connected to R2 and learns the 192.168.1.0/24 route from R2 via BGP.
* Since R2 prefers R1 as the shortest AS path to 192.168.1.0/24,
* R3 will send traffic to R2, and R2 will send it to R1.
# Correct path: R3 # R2 # R1
Final Conclusion:
# A. The path for traffic from R6 to 192.168.1.0/24 is R6 # R5 # R4.# B. The path for traffic from R5 to
192.168.1.0/24 is R5 # R4.# C. The path for traffic from R2 to 192.168.1.0/24 is R2 # R1.# D. The path for traffic from R3 to 192.168.1.0/24 is R3 # R2 # R1.
Thus, the correct answers are: A, B, C, D.
NEW QUESTION # 28
According to the configuration shown in the figure below, you can know that R4 has an interface advertised into IS-IS?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 29
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